图像的美学评估可以分为两种主要形式：数值评估和语言评估。照片的美学标题是已解决的审美语言评估的唯一任务。在本文中，我们提出了一项美学评估的新任务：图像的美学视觉和回答（AVQA）。如果我们提出图像美学问题，模型可以预测答案。我们使用\ textit {www.flickr.com}的图像。目标QA对由提出的美学属性分析算法产生。此外，我们引入了主观质量检查对，这些对从审美数字标签和来自大规模培训模型的情感分析转换。我们构建了第一个回答数据集AESVQA的审美视觉问题，其中包含72,168个高质量图像和324,756对美学问题。已经提出并证明了两种调整数据分布的方法，以提高现有模型的准确性。这是解决美学VQA任务并将主观性引入VQA任务的第一项工作。实验结果表明，我们的方法在这项新任务上的表现优于其他VQA模型。

图像美学质量评估在过去十年中很受欢迎。除数值评估外，还提出了自然语言评估（美学字幕）来描述图像的一般美学印象。在本文中，我们提出了美学属性评估，即审美属性字幕，即评估诸如组成，照明使用和颜色布置之类的美学属性。标记美学属性的注释是一项非平凡的任务，该评论限制了相应数据集的规模。我们以半自动方式构建了一个名为DPC-CAPTIONSV2的新型数据集。知识从带有完整注释的小型数据集转移到摄影网站的大规模专业评论。 DPC-CAPTIONSV2的图像包含最多4个美学属性的注释：组成，照明，颜色和主题。然后，我们根据BUTD模型和VLPSA模型提出了一种新版本的美学多属性网络（AMANV2）。 AMANV2融合了带有完整注释的小规模PCCD数据集和带有完整注释的大规模DPCCAPTIONSV2数据集的混合物的功能。 DPCCAPTIONSV2的实验结果表明，我们的方法可以预测对4种美学属性的评论，这些评论比上一个Aman模型所产生的方法更接近美学主题。通过图像字幕的评估标准，专门设计的AMANV2模型对CNN-LSTM模型和AMAN模型更好。

对于视觉操作任务，我们旨在表示具有语义上有意义的功能的图像内容。但是，从图像中学习隐式表示通常缺乏解释性，尤其是当属性交织在一起时。我们专注于仅从2D图像数据中提取删除的3D属性的具有挑战性的任务。具体而言，我们专注于人类外观，并从RGB图像中学习穿着人类的隐性姿势，形状和服装表示。我们的方法学习了这三个图像属性的分解潜在表示的嵌入式，并通过2到3D编码器解码器结构可以有意义地重新组装特征和属性控制。 3D模型仅从学到的嵌入空间中的特征图推断出来。据我们所知，我们的方法是第一个解决这个高度不足的问题的跨域分解的方法。我们在定性和定量上证明了框架在虚拟数据上3D重建中转移姿势，形状和服装的能力，并显示隐性形状损失如何使模型恢复细粒度重建细节的能力有益。

我们引入了一个相机重新定位管道，该管道结合了绝对姿势回归（APR）和直接功能匹配。通过结合曝光自适应的新视图综合，我们的方法成功地解决了现有基于光度法方法无法处理的室外环境中的光度扭曲。借助域不变的功能匹配，我们的解决方案通过对未标记数据的半监督学习提高了姿势回归精度。特别是，该管道由两个组成部分组成：新型视图合成器和DFNET。前者综合了新的视图，以补偿暴露的变化，后者会回归摄像头的姿势，并提取了可靠的功能，这些特征弥补了真实图像和合成图像之间的域间隙。此外，我们引入了在线合成数据生成方案。我们表明，这些方法有效地增强了室内和室外场景中的相机姿势估计。因此，我们的方法通过优于现有的单位图APR方法高达56％，可与基于3D结构的方法相当。

Benefiting from the intrinsic supervision information exploitation capability, contrastive learning has achieved promising performance in the field of deep graph clustering recently. However, we observe that two drawbacks of the positive and negative sample construction mechanisms limit the performance of existing algorithms from further improvement. 1) The quality of positive samples heavily depends on the carefully designed data augmentations, while inappropriate data augmentations would easily lead to the semantic drift and indiscriminative positive samples. 2) The constructed negative samples are not reliable for ignoring important clustering information. To solve these problems, we propose a Cluster-guided Contrastive deep Graph Clustering network (CCGC) by mining the intrinsic supervision information in the high-confidence clustering results. Specifically, instead of conducting complex node or edge perturbation, we construct two views of the graph by designing special Siamese encoders whose weights are not shared between the sibling sub-networks. Then, guided by the high-confidence clustering information, we carefully select and construct the positive samples from the same high-confidence cluster in two views. Moreover, to construct semantic meaningful negative sample pairs, we regard the centers of different high-confidence clusters as negative samples, thus improving the discriminative capability and reliability of the constructed sample pairs. Lastly, we design an objective function to pull close the samples from the same cluster while pushing away those from other clusters by maximizing and minimizing the cross-view cosine similarity between positive and negative samples. Extensive experimental results on six datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of CCGC compared with the existing state-of-the-art algorithms.

As one of the prevalent methods to achieve automation systems, Imitation Learning (IL) presents a promising performance in a wide range of domains. However, despite the considerable improvement in policy performance, the corresponding research on the explainability of IL models is still limited. Inspired by the recent approaches in explainable artificial intelligence methods, we proposed a model-agnostic explaining framework for IL models called R2RISE. R2RISE aims to explain the overall policy performance with respect to the frames in demonstrations. It iteratively retrains the black-box IL model from the randomized masked demonstrations and uses the conventional evaluation outcome environment returns as the coefficient to build an importance map. We also conducted experiments to investigate three major questions concerning frames' importance equality, the effectiveness of the importance map, and connections between importance maps from different IL models. The result shows that R2RISE successfully distinguishes important frames from the demonstrations.

Text clustering and topic extraction are two important tasks in text mining. Usually, these two tasks are performed separately. For topic extraction to facilitate clustering, we can first project texts into a topic space and then perform a clustering algorithm to obtain clusters. To promote topic extraction by clustering, we can first obtain clusters with a clustering algorithm and then extract cluster-specific topics. However, this naive strategy ignores the fact that text clustering and topic extraction are strongly correlated and follow a chicken-and-egg relationship. Performing them separately fails to make them mutually benefit each other to achieve the best overall performance. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised text clustering and topic extraction framework (ClusTop) which integrates text clustering and topic extraction into a unified framework and can achieve high-quality clustering result and extract topics from each cluster simultaneously. Our framework includes four components: enhanced language model training, dimensionality reduction, clustering and topic extraction, where the enhanced language model can be viewed as a bridge between clustering and topic extraction. On one hand, it provides text embeddings with a strong cluster structure which facilitates effective text clustering; on the other hand, it pays high attention on the topic related words for topic extraction because of its self-attention architecture. Moreover, the training of enhanced language model is unsupervised. Experiments on two datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework and provide benchmarks for different model combinations in this framework.

An increasing number of public datasets have shown a marked clinical impact on assessing anatomical structures. However, each of the datasets is small, partially labeled, and rarely investigates severe tumor subjects. Moreover, current models are limited to segmenting specific organs/tumors, which can not be extended to novel domains and classes. To tackle these limitations, we introduce embedding learned from Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) to segmentation models, dubbed the CLIP-Driven Universal Model. The Universal Model can better segment 25 organs and 6 types of tumors by exploiting the semantic relationship between abdominal structures. The model is developed from an assembly of 14 datasets with 3,410 CT scans and evaluated on 6,162 external CT scans from 3 datasets. We rank first on the public leaderboard of the Medical Segmentation Decathlon (MSD) and achieve the state-of-the-art results on Beyond The Cranial Vault (BTCV). Compared with dataset-specific models, the Universal Model is computationally more efficient (6x faster), generalizes better to CT scans from varying sites, and shows stronger transfer learning performance on novel tasks. The design of CLIP embedding enables the Universal Model to be easily extended to new classes without catastrophically forgetting the previously learned classes.

Recent advances in self-supervised learning (SSL) in computer vision are primarily comparative, whose goal is to preserve invariant and discriminative semantics in latent representations by comparing siamese image views. However, the preserved high-level semantics do not contain enough local information, which is vital in medical image analysis (e.g., image-based diagnosis and tumor segmentation). To mitigate the locality problem of comparative SSL, we propose to incorporate the task of pixel restoration for explicitly encoding more pixel-level information into high-level semantics. We also address the preservation of scale information, a powerful tool in aiding image understanding but has not drawn much attention in SSL. The resulting framework can be formulated as a multi-task optimization problem on the feature pyramid. Specifically, we conduct multi-scale pixel restoration and siamese feature comparison in the pyramid. In addition, we propose non-skip U-Net to build the feature pyramid and develop sub-crop to replace multi-crop in 3D medical imaging. The proposed unified SSL framework (PCRLv2) surpasses its self-supervised counterparts on various tasks, including brain tumor segmentation (BraTS 2018), chest pathology identification (ChestX-ray, CheXpert), pulmonary nodule detection (LUNA), and abdominal organ segmentation (LiTS), sometimes outperforming them by large margins with limited annotations.

Due to their ability to offer more comprehensive information than data from a single view, multi-view (multi-source, multi-modal, multi-perspective, etc.) data are being used more frequently in remote sensing tasks. However, as the number of views grows, the issue of data quality becomes more apparent, limiting the potential benefits of multi-view data. Although recent deep neural network (DNN) based models can learn the weight of data adaptively, a lack of research on explicitly quantifying the data quality of each view when fusing them renders these models inexplicable, performing unsatisfactorily and inflexible in downstream remote sensing tasks. To fill this gap, in this paper, evidential deep learning is introduced to the task of aerial-ground dual-view remote sensing scene classification to model the credibility of each view. Specifically, the theory of evidence is used to calculate an uncertainty value which describes the decision-making risk of each view. Based on this uncertainty, a novel decision-level fusion strategy is proposed to ensure that the view with lower risk obtains more weight, making the classification more credible. On two well-known, publicly available datasets of aerial-ground dual-view remote sensing images, the proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art results, demonstrating its effectiveness. The code and datasets of this article are available at the following address: https://github.com/gaopiaoliang/Evidential.